Règle : Pour soustraire un nombre relatif, on peut ajouter son opposé.
Exemples :
\[4-7=4+(-7)=-3\]
\[12-(-4)=12+4=16\]
Propriété : Sur une droite graduée, la distance entre deux points est égale à la différence entre la plus grande abscisse
et la plus petite.
Exemple :
Distance entre le point $A$ d’abscisse $2$ et le point $B$ d’abscisse $-3$ :
\[AB=2-(-3)=2+3=5\]
Exemples :
On calcule de gauche à droite :
\begin{eqnarray*}
A&=&-7+9-8-(-12)\\
A&=&2-8-(-12)\\
A&=&-6-(-12)\\
A&=&6
\end{eqnarray*}
On écrit A avec des additions uniquement :
\begin{eqnarray*}
A&=&-7+9-8-(-12)\\
A&=&-7+9+(-8)+12\\
A&=&9+12+(-7)+(-8)\\
A&=&21+(-15)\\
A&=&6
\end{eqnarray*}
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